Kutheni kufuneka usebenzise iiplastiki ezinokubola?
Iplastiki yinto ebalulekileyo esisiseko. Ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza koqoqosho kunye noluntu kunye nokuvela kwenani elikhulu lamashishini amatsha afana ne-e-commerce, ukuhanjiswa okucacileyo kunye nokuthatha, ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki kukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Iplastiki ayizisi nje lula kakhulu kubomi babantu, kodwa ikwabangela “ungcoliseko olumhlophe”, oluyonakalisa kakhulu indalo esingqongileyo nempilo yabantu.
I-China ibeke ngokucacileyo injongo yokwakha i-China enhle, kwaye ukulawulwa "kokungcola okumhlophe" kuyimfuneko yokuphucula umgangatho wendawo yendalo kunye nokwakha i-China enhle.
Yintoni iiplastiki ezinokubola?
Iiplastiki ezonakaliswayo ziiplastiki ezonakaliswa zizenzo ze-microorganisms kwindalo, njengomhlaba, umhlaba oyisanti, indawo engqongileyo yamanzi, indawo yamanzi olwandle kunye neemeko ezithile ezinjengomgquba okanye ukugaywa kwe-anaerobic, kwaye ekugqibeleni zithotywe ngokupheleleyo kwi-carbon dioxide (CO2) okanye / kunye ne-methane (CH4), amanzi (H2O) kunye neetyuwa ze-mineralized inorganic of their elements, kunye ne-biomass entsha (efana ne-microorganisms efileyo, njl.).
Zeziphi iindidi zeeplastiki ezonakeleyo?
NgokweSikhokelo soMgangatho woHlelo kunye nokuleyibhelishwa kweemveliso zeplastiki ezinokonakala eziququzelelwe yi-China Federation of Light Industry, iiplastiki ezonakaliswayo zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha okuthotywa komhlaba, umgquba, ulwandle, amanzi amatsha (imilambo, imilambo, amachibi) kunye nezinye iindawo.
Ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, iiplastiki ezinokonakala zinokwahlulwa zibe:
Iiplastiki ezonakaliswayo zomhlaba, ukwenza umgquba iiplastiki ezonakaliswayo, iiplastiki ezisingqongileyo zamanzi amatsha ezonakaliswayo, i-sludge anaerobic digestion iiplastiki ezonakalayo, iiplastiki eziphezulu eziqinileyo zokwetyisa kweanaerobic.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kweeplastiki ezonakeleyo kunye neeplastiki eziqhelekileyo (ezingonakali)?
Iiplastiki zemveli zenziwa ikakhulu nge-polystyrene, i-polypropylene, i-polyvinyl chloride kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ze-polymer ezinobunzima beemolekyuli zamakhulu amawaka kunye nesakhiwo sekhemikhali esizinzile, ekunzima ukuthotywa yi-microorganisms.
Kuthatha iminyaka engama-200 kunye neminyaka engama-400 ukuba iiplastiki zemveli zithotywe kwindawo yendalo, ngoko kulula ukubangela ungcoliseko lwendalo ngokulahla iiplastiki zemveli ngokuthanda kwakhe.
Iiplastiki zeBiodegradable zahluke kakhulu kwiiplastiki zemveli kwisakhiwo sekhemikhali. imixokelelwane yabo ephambili yepolymer iqulethe inani elikhulu leebhondi ze-ester, ezinokuthi zigaywe kwaye zisetyenziswe yi-microorganisms, kwaye ekugqibeleni zidibanise kwiimolekyuli ezincinci, ezingayi kubangela ungcoliseko oluhlala luhleli kwindalo.
Ngaba "iingxowa zeplastiki ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo" eziqhelekileyo kwimarike ziyabola?
Ngokweemfuno zokuleyibhile ze-GB/T 38082-2019 “Iingxowa zePlasitiki eziDityanisiweyo zeBiodegradable”, ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kweebhegi zokuthenga, iibhegi zokuthenga kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo “iingxowa zokuthenga ngokuthe ngqo ezivenkileni zeplastiki” okanye “uqhagamshelwano olungelulo ukutya ngokuthe ngqo. iingxowa zokuthenga zeplastiki ezinokubola”. Akukho logo "yeplastiki ehambelana nokusingqongileyo".
Iingxowa zeplastiki zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwimarike ngamaqhinga angaphezulu aqanjwe ngamashishini egameni lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo. Nceda uvule amehlo akho kwaye ukhethe ngononophelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: 02-12-22