Kwimeko yemizi mveliso yanamhlanje efunwayo, amacandelo ahlala etyhalelwa kwimida yawo.Amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye neekhemikhali eziqatha zezinye zeengxaki ezimbalwa ezijongene nezixhobo.Kwezi zicelo, iipolymers zemveli zihlala zifutshane, zithotywa okanye ziphulukana nokusebenza phantsi kobushushu obugqithisileyo.Ngethamsanqa, kuye kwavela isizukulwana esitsha se-polymers ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu, sibonelela ngomsebenzi obalaseleyo kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Eli nqaku ligocagoca kwihlabathi leepholima ezisebenza kakhulu, ezinokumelana nobushushu.Siza kuphonononga iipropathi eziphambili ezenza ukuba zilungele usetyenziso olufunayo, sixoxe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepolymers ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu, kwaye sivavanye ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwehlabathi lokwenyani.
Ukuqonda Ukumelana nobushushu kwiiPolymers
Ukumelana nobushushu, okwakwaziwa ngokuba kukuzinza kwe-thermal, kubhekiselele kwisakhono sepolymer ukugcina ubume bayo kunye neempawu xa zibonakaliswe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.Oku kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni imfezeko yecandelo kunye nokusebenza kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu.Zininzi izinto ezinegalelo ekuxhathiseni ubushushu bepolymer:
- Ubushushu beGass Transition (Tg):Eli liqondo lobushushu apho ipholima itshintsha isuka kwindawo eqinileyo, eneglasi ukuya kweyerabha.Iipolymers ezinamaxabiso aphezulu eTg zibonisa ukumelana nobushushu obungcono.
- Ubushushu boKubola kweThermal (Td):Eli liqondo lobushushu apho ipholima iqala khona ukuqhekeka ngokwemichiza.Iipolymers ezinamaxabiso aphezulu e-Td zinokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu okusebenza ngaphambi kokuba ukuthotywa kwenzeke.
- Ulwakhiwo lweMichiza:Ilungiselelo elithile le-athomu kunye neebhondi ngaphakathi kwekhonkco le-polymer lichaphazela ukuzinza kwayo kwe-thermal.Iipolymers ezineebhondi eziqinileyo eziqinileyo zihlala zibonisa ukumelana nobushushu obungcono.
Iindidi zeePolymers ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu
Iipolymers ezahlukeneyo ezisebenza kakhulu zibonelela ngokumelana nobushushu obukhethekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.Nanku ujongo kwezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo:
- IiPolyimides (PI):Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-thermal stability ebalaseleyo, ii-PIs ziqhayisa ngexabiso eliphezulu le-Tg kunye ne-Td.Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-aerospace, i-electronics, kunye nosetyenziso lweemoto ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezintle zoomatshini nakumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
- Iipolyetherketones (PEEK):I-PEEK inika indibaniselwano ephawulekayo yokumelana nobushushu, ukumelana neekhemikhali, kunye namandla omatshini.Ifumana izicelo kumacandelo afuna imfuno afana nophononongo lweoyile nerhasi, izixhobo zemoto, kunye nokufakelwa kwezonyango.
- IiFluoropolymers (PTFE, PFA, FEP):Le ntsapho yeepolymers, kuquka iTeflon™, ibonisa ubushushu obukhethekileyo kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukugquma umbane, iisistim zokuphatha ulwelo, kunye neengubo ezinganamatheli ngenxa yeempawu zazo eziphantsi.
- Iipolima zeSilicone:Ezi polymers zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zibonelela ngokumelana nobushushu, ukuqina, kunye neempawu zokugquma umbane.Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-gaskets, i-seal, kunye ne-hoses kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
- I-Thermoplastics yokusebenza okuphezulu (PEEK, PPS, PSU):Ezi thermoplastics zihambele phambili ziqhayisa ngokuxhathisa ubushushu, amandla oomatshini, kunye nokubuyiswa komlilo.Ziya zisanda ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifunwayo ezinje ngeendawo zeemoto, izinto zombane, kunye nezakhiwo ze-aerospace.
Usetyenziso lweePolymers ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu
Iipolima ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso ezinoxinzelelo olukhulu.Nantsi eminye imizekelo ephambili:
- I-Aerospace:Amalungu e-injini, izikhuselo zobushushu, kunye neenxalenye zesakhiwo kwinqwelomoya zifuna ukumelana nobushushu obukhethekileyo ukuze zimelane namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo okusebenza.
- Ezombane:Iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo, izihlanganisi zombane, kunye nokupakishwa kwe-IC zixhomekeke kwiipolymers ezinganyangekiyo kubushushu ukuzinza komda kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo phantsi kobushushu.
- Iimoto:Izixhobo ze-injini, iindawo eziphantsi kwe-hood, kunye namathayi asebenza kakhulu axhamla kwiipolymers ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu ezinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye neendawo ezibuhlungu.
- Uphononongo lwe-oyile negesi:Izixhobo zombhobho, imibhobho, kunye nezitywina ezisetyenziswa kwi-oyile negesi yokutsalwa zifuna izinto ezinokumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye noxinzelelo.
- UkuLungiswa kwemichiza:Izixhobo zokuvelisa imichiza, iitanki zokugcina, kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho zihlala zibamba ulwelo olunobushushu obuphezulu kunye neekhemikhali, zifuna iipolima ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu nezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza.
- Izixhobo zonyango:Izixhobo zonyango ezifakelweyo, izixhobo zokuvala iintsholongwane, kunye nezixhobo zotyando zifuna imathiriyeli enokumelana nokucoca ngokungqongqo kunye neenkqubo zokubulala iintsholongwane ezibandakanya amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Ikamva leePolima ezixhathisa ubushushu
Uphando kunye neenzame zophuhliso ziqhubeka zityhala imida yokumelana nobushushu kwiipolymers.Imathiriyeli emitsha enamaxabiso aphezulu e-Tg kunye ne-Td ayaphuhliswa, anikezela ngamathuba angakumbi osetyenziso olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu.Ukongeza, ukugxila ekubandakanyeni imigaqo yozinzo kukhokelela kuphononongo lwe-bio-based polymers-resistant heat-resistant kuncitshiswe indawo yendalo esingqongileyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Iipolymers ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvumeleni ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye namacandelo athembekileyo ekufuneni izicelo zemizi-mveliso.Ukuqonda iimpawu eziphambili kunye neentlobo ezikhoyo kuvumela iinjineli kunye nabaqulunqi ukuba bakhethe ezona zinto zifanelekileyo kwiimfuno ezithile.Njengoko itekhnoloji ihambela phambili, ikamva libambe isithembiso seepholima ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu, ngakumbi ukutyhala imida yento enokwenzeka kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: 03-06-24